The Exception That Proves The Rule: Conservative Bruce Fein On Torture On Bill Moyers Journal

by: Paul Rosenberg

Sun May 03, 2009 at 12:47


From Friday's Show, first, the liberal response from Mark Danner--what was once the standard liberal response, and then the conservative response from Bruce Fein--what was once if not quite the "standard conservative response" at least the canonical conservative response: it's the rule of law, stupid!

BILL MOYERS: The President had a press conference on Wednesday night in which he was asked two questions about torture. If you'd been there, Mark, what would you have asked him?

MARK DANNER: I would have asked him to get out in front of the country this whole debate about torture. Why it was done. Whether it really protects the country. What we've lost and what we've gained. Because I think the losses have been very, very great.

But until the country is convinced and understands how great the losses have been, and parts with the notion that torture is necessary to protect us, we still are going to be having this continuing debate about torture as a necessity to protect the country, which I think is very harmful.

BRUCE FEIN: I would have asked him, since he's agreed that what was done was torture, and that the United States criminal code makes torture a crime. And there's no national security exception, no exception if you get useful information. And because we had impeached, in the House Judiciary Committee, a former President, called Richard Nixon, for failing faithfully to execute the laws. How he can justify not moving forward with an investigation when we have a former President and Vice President openly acknowledging they authorized water boarding, what he has described as torture, is a crime.

Or in the alternative, if he thinks that there are mitigating circumstances, and there's body language suggests that, then he should pardon them like Ford did Richard Nixon. And the reason why the difference between a pardon and non-prosecution is important, is because a pardon requires the recipient to acknowledge guilt. That there was wrongdoing. There was a crime. Just forgetting and sweeping it under the rug suggests this wasn't illegal.

Paul Rosenberg :: The Exception That Proves The Rule: Conservative Bruce Fein On Torture On Bill Moyers Journal
A pardon, in my opinion, would simply not be enough.  After all, our headlong slide into wanton presidential lawlessness began with a presidential pardon.  But at least Bruce Fein is perfectly clear on the law, the legal implications, and the responsibility to uphold the law.

That President Obama--a constitutional lawyer, for gosh sakes!--is so blind to all this that he'd probably get a "C" at best in a course that Bruce Fein might teach on the subject, should be a cause for outrage on our part.

But, after 30 years of more-or-less continual outrage, our social norms have been perhaps permanently reset, so that presidential lawlessness is now no big deal.  We simply won't do it again.  Sort of like naming a post office after a prominent anti-Semite, perhaps.  A minor embarrassment, not to be repeated.  Nothing more.

And it's that resetting of our moral norms that's at the heart of America's decline, just as it was at the heart of the decline and fall of Roman Empire--a decline that began, in fact, when Rome first became an empire, and left its status as a republic behind.

We crossed that line quite some time ago--in 1950, with the signing of NSC-68, at the very latest.

Obama has clearly signaled that there will be no rethinking of torture (we won't do it again--well, so he says, but we won't actually think about why did it in the past or why we won't now), much less rethinking of the "war on terror" (rebranding, si, rethinking, no), much less rethinking the Cold War--even though al Qaeda, and hence the "war on terror" came directly out of the Cold War, and our full-fledged transition to imperial status.

Does that even begin to convey how incredibly small-minded our politics has become?  The most lofty aspirations aren't more than half a standard deviation away from the Tea-Baggers.

Our Founding Fathers, OTOH, are light-years away.  Bruce Fein, poor soul, is in the wrong solar system here.  


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I thought the same thing (4.00 / 4)
when I was listening to this. Neither Danner's nor Fein's position is satisfactory for all sorts of reasons, not the least of which is the moral one, i.e., you just don't do shit like this if you want to call yourself civilized. Not. Ever. Period.

The subtext, though, which is the key to both the Republican and Democratic takes on the issue, as well as the depressing public polls, is a completely cynical one: We've always said this was bad in public, but done it in private. True. Because when the sit hits the fan, it's really necessary, and anybody would do it. Not true. So what's the big deal if we just admit it? At least we're not hypocrites. Oy! Where to begin, where to begin.

It reminds me of the abortion wars. The right asks, is nothing sacred? And we, of course, say but.... In this case, the shoe is on the other foot. I shudder to think that what seems at first to be a political debate should turn into a terminal wrestle over the nature of the sacred and the profane, but honestly, that looks like where we're headed to me.


The Reagan administration strongly opposed torture with no exceptions (0.00 / 0)
Glenn Greenwald at Salon reminds us that former president Reagan (whose administration Fein worked for) signed and championed the Convention Against Torture.

Ronald Reagan, May 20, 1988, transmitting the Convention Against Torture to the Senate for ratification:

   The United States participated actively and effectively in the negotiation of the Convention.  It marks a significant step in the development during this century of international measures against torture and other inhuman treatment or punishment. Ratification of the Convention by the United States will clearly express United States opposition to torture, an abhorrent practice unfortunately still prevalent in the world today.

   The core provisions of the Convention establish a regime for international cooperation in the criminal prosecution of torturers relying on so-called "universal jurisdiction." Each State Party is required either to prosecute torturers who are found in its territory or to extradite them to other countries for prosecution.

Convention Against Torture, signed and championed by Ronald Reagan, Article II/IV:

   No exceptional circumstances whatsoever, whether a state of war or a threat or war, internal political instability or any other public emergency, may be invoked as a justification of torture. . . Each State Party shall ensure that all acts of torture are offences under its criminal law.



Of Course, That's What They SAID (4.00 / 3)
Their actions, not so much.

But that used to be the way it was.  At least we were publicly committed to the rule of law, and advancing standards of humane international law.  There was something to hold us accountable to.

Now, it's "All bets are off."  Now it's "One Administration says it won't torture.  The next one will say the same thing, only the previous Administration, maybe not, but we're not going to ask any questions."

There were plenty of Latin American dictatorships who had more integrity than this.

"You know what they say -- those of us who fail history... doomed to repeat it in summer school." -- Buffy The Vampire Slayer, Season 6, Episode 3


[ Parent ]
War crimes (4.00 / 1)
We used to punish war crimes, our own and others.  After the Civil War, Wirz, the commandant at Andersonville, was hanged.  After WWII, lots of Nazis and Japanese were hanged or imprisoned.  During Vietnem, Lt. Calley was convicted for My Lai.  "Even" some war crimes against Native Americans were considered beyond the pale.

This is a huge drop in standards.  Hey, Bush's entire Presidency was a huge drop in standards.  As Reagan would have said, just say no to torture.


[ Parent ]
March! (0.00 / 0)
We should organize a march on Washington with lots and lots of signs saying "Pardons For The Crimes Of The Bush Administration NOW! Impeach Obama The Next Day!"

Torture and War Crimes (0.00 / 0)
Barack Obama has a Constitutional Duty to execute the laws (its no accident that the branch he heads is called the 'Exectutive Branch.'  He is in violation of his legal duty, his oath of office, and his Constitutional responsibility if he does not fully implement U.S. statutes, the Geneva Conventions, and the U.N. Convention Against Torture.

There simply is no alternative for him that isn't itself a failure of duty and an impeachable offense.

My second though is that the efficacy of torture (did it make us safer?) is a totally irrelevant red herring spread by Cheney and others and taken up by the mainstream media and even a number of Democrats.  If tying up a detainee, lining his little children in front of him, and shooting them one by one until he gives information is effective, is that an argument or justification for murdering children?   Of course not - and neither is excusing torture of the detainee on the grounds that it may have produced actionable information.  There are limits beyond which any civilized society can not go and remain within the community of humanity.

My third thought is that we are up-defining War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity to be solely a question of Torture - a term that many can then hair-split to "justify" just about any brutal torturous act.  

A reading of the Geneva Conventions, other international treaties, the U.S. statutes and the military's SROE (standing rules of engagement) show that, while Torture is one of the pinnacles of War Crimes (along with the unprovoked invasion of a sovereign country, whose only threat to us was a phonied up case made by the invaders), it is only at the extreme end of a long line of actions that are, in and of themselves, War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity.  Its like saying that assault and battery, attempted homicide, rape, and murder in the second degree are not crimes because they fall short of First Degree Murder.

The Geneva Conventions - which have the Constitutional status of "the supreme law of the land," documents that our handling of detainees and other policies in Iraq are clearly War Crimes even if they never rise to the level of Torture.

Common Article III of the Geneva Conventions sets the absolute baseline on the handling of all captured persons, whether civilian detainees, military POWs, even spies and saboteurs:

Article 3:

To this end, the following acts are and shall remain prohibited at any time and in any place whatsoever with respect to the above-mentioned persons:

(a) Violence to life and person, in particular murder of all kinds, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture;

(b) Taking of hostages;

(c) Outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment;

(d) The passing of sentences and the carrying out of executions without previous judgment pronounced by a regularly constituted court, affording all the judicial guarantees which are recognized as indispensable by civilized peoples.

And that's just for crimes against detainees.  There are dozens of other violations of U.S. and international law that took place quite blatantly under the Bush administrations "War on Terror" and invasion and occupation of Iraq.

The U.N. Convention Against Torture, as quoted in another comment demonstrates that we have an ABSOLUTE legal duty to investigate and, if warranted, prosecute and punish ANYBODY in this country who committed, ordered, sanctions, or aided and abetted torture.

If Obama doesn't obey these "supreme laws of the land," then maybe its time for the Progressive movement to start an Impeach Obama campaign.

"If you want to build a ship, don't herd people together to collect wood and don't assign them tasks and work, but rather teach them to long for the endless immensity of the sea.

--Antoine de Saint-Exupéry"


I'm Not Defining War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity SOLELY As Torture (0.00 / 0)
In fact, as I pointed out last weekend, it's now quite evidence that the Bush Administration tortured in order to fabricate a rationale for invading Iraq--which itself was a war of aggression, which is the most fundamental crime against peace.  So it's all jumbled together.

So, while I welcome your discussion, I just want to be clear about where I'm coming from.

"You know what they say -- those of us who fail history... doomed to repeat it in summer school." -- Buffy The Vampire Slayer, Season 6, Episode 3


[ Parent ]
The Unitary Scumbaggery Doctrine and General Asshollery of the Federalist Society...! (0.00 / 0)
   What we had in reality was a criminal conspiracy masquerading as the United States government..!

  The enormity and multitude of crimes committed by this administration demanded Impeachment for high crimes...

  Now as Bruce Fine argues at least a pardon from President Obama would signify that crimes where committed, and there is no reason to be paying either Bush or Cheney their overly generous Pensions as I see it, while admittedly they need the Secret Service protection they'll get for life or is it now 10-20 years..?

  A Pardon might get some things going, as to any prosecutor investigating the others who may face prosecution and also any form of truth commission and or even civil suits any of these zealots may face from Judge Bybee and John Yoo as well as David Addington and Alberto Gonzales et al, who should all also be disbarred for advising their clients to break Federal Law and or how to attempt to skirt it these are easily grounds for permanent disbarment..

  Also let's not forget we can thank those Tory usurpers of the Federalist Society, for all the shame and incompetence as well as the hatred directed towards our nation by the rest of the world due to their Unitary Scumbaggery Doctrine...and general asshollery...!

   

     "Ours is not a system based upon trust but one of suspicion.."  Thomas Jefferson


Danner Deserves A Much Better Defense, Paul (0.00 / 0)
     Cherry-picking this part of the transcript seems a cheap shot at best.  Let's not forget that Danner has been one of the first reporters, writers to expose the use of torture.  It would be disgenious to paint him as one, "who simply wants to look to the future"; obviously, the man has struggled with the moral and legal implications and has some decisions on the matter.  That's not to say he is right.  But to say Danner is not a liberal is riduculous.

     Again, Congress and The Justice Department will take the take lead on this issue.  And, it makes a lot of sense--both legally and politically.


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