Media Coverage and Voter Enthusiasm in 2008

by: Chris Bowers

Fri Jul 27, 2007 at 10:18


Last month, in a poll taken from June 26-28, CBS produced a different kind of Democratic campaign trial heat. Instead of asking Democrats and Democratic leanings who they currently supported, they asked Democrats and Democratic leaning independents who they were enthusiastic about. Jonathan Singer blogged this poll at MyDD:

Thinking about the candidates now running for President, is there any candidate that you feel enthusiastic about? IF YES: Who is that?
CandidateDem Primary Voters
Clinton28 percent
Obama22 percent
Edwards2 percent
Kucinich1 percent
Other3 percent
(A GOPer)2 percent
None of them38 percent
DK/NA4 percent

I am not going to discuss the implications of this poll for each candidate in this post. Instead, I want to point out how similar these results are to the Pew News Interest Index Results for how much news people have heard about each candidate (PDF, results among all adults).

There are already many candidates for the 2008 presidential election. Can you tell me the name of the candidate you’ve heard the MOST about in the news lately? [OPEN-END. RECORD FIRST MENTION ONLY]

Candidate July 13-16 June 1-3 April 27-30 March 16-19
Clinton 42 32 41 37
Obama 22 20 23 24
Edwards 2 2 3 1
Richardson 1 -- -- --

Results for other Democrats were not listed, probably because they were even lower than Richardson. Combined results for top-tier Republicans and “other” candidates never exceeded 15%. Crosstabs among self-identified Democrats are actually even more favorable to Clinton and Obama, rather than less.

Given these numbers, can anyone deny that there is a connection between how often someone has heard about a candidate and the level of voter “enthusiasm” for that candidate? Clinton and Obama are clearly receiving far more coverage than anyone else, and thus have far more “enthusiastic” supporters than anyone else. Obama’s “enthusiastic” numbers are virtually identical to his “heard the most about in the news” numbers. Clinton’s “enthusiastic” numbers might be a bit lower than her mews coverage results, but that is not surprising given the right-wing obsession with the Clintons for these past two decades.

Right now, it is hard to imagine any other Democratic candidate competing with Clinton and Obama on a national level give the disparities in news coverage. If two thirds of the populace are reporting that they are hearing the most about Clinton and Obama, while only 1-3% of the populace is hearing the most about Edwards and Richardson, who do you think is going to come out on top in national polls of the candidates? With these numbers, it does not seem possible to question that the national media is trying to force the Democratic nomination to follow a two-person script.

But all is not lost for other candidates. It is not secret that what “early state momentum” actually describes is a way for gatekeeper media to unlock the keys to favorable and extensive coverage for candidates that had been previously shut out. Given this, one wonders if there is a potential disparity in the amount of early state momentum available to all candidates. In other words, one positive for campaigns other than Clinton and Obama to take from this data is that they probably have the potential for a much larger momentum boost from victories, or strong seconds, in states like Iowa and New Hampshire. Obama and Clinton might not have much to gain, except relative to each other, in the key early states. This is particularly heartening for Edwards and Richardson, who right now are the only two candidates trending up in Iowa (more on that later today).
Chris Bowers :: Media Coverage and Voter Enthusiasm in 2008

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It's a correlation, so you could also (4.00 / 2)
argue it the other way - that the news tends to cover candidates who have a sizable and enthusiastic backing.

Or, it could be a feedback loop where the news covers buzz, thus creating more buzz, and so on.

Or it could be a third variable, for example, something about the candidate him or herself, that creates both the enthusiastic supporters and the media coverage.

Personally, I would lean toward a combination of the latter two (feedback loop and/or something about the candidates) rather than a media conspiracy to force a two person Democratic race, but that's just me.


Hard to imagine the other way around (0.00 / 0)
Establishment media coverage has been focused on Obama and Clinton for at least four months, according to Pew. In all likelihood, it has been taking place even longer than that.

Obama and Clinton--Obama in particular, did not start the campaign with overwhelming advantages in enthusiastic support. I know that I am divining poll results on that, but I have little doubt that if there were consistent tracking polls showing enthusiastic support and which candidate an individual has heard the most about in the news, you would see the former rising in accordance with the latter.

I don't have the complete data set to prove that statement, but candidate support has always been tied to media coverage levels (unless that coverage is negative). It seems extremely hard to imagine that this would be any different.

As for there being something about the candidate in and of him or herself that drives coverage, First Read recently made it clear that they have a pre-set definition of what constitutes media coverage. Does not seem all that internal to the candidates, given that.

But I don't think it is a "conspiracy." I just think they like two person campaigns, because they are easier to cover for a variety of reasons.

[ Parent ]
True, but not that hard to imagine... (4.00 / 1)
I think that the media definitely creates roles, narratives and niches for the politicans, but they can only go so far. Let's start with Obama. They did not pick him to be a media darling out of thin air. His 2004 DNC speech created an amazing amount of enthusiasm, and thus the media coverage followed. Yet even with the coverage, I don't think it was simply media coverage that propelled 20,000 people to see Obama in Austin, and I think if any other candidate drew that type of crowd, I think they would eventually get better media coverage. And the media is always going to cover a Clinton, and give no second doubts if that Clinton is a front runner. (The networks have to salivate at the thought of returning to the partisan wars of the 90's, narrative is already written)

I think both Edwards (leader in Iowa) and Richardson (most upward movement during campaign) have legitimate qualms about the coverage of their campaigns, but I think both will be better off flying under the radar as long as possible.

In the end, I agree that the MSM likes the 2 person campaign because they are easy to cover.


[ Parent ]
Certainly when it comes to Clinton (0.00 / 0)
it is hard to deny the media presence and the long-term relationship with the base from the start. However, Obama was immediately positioned as the main opposition to Clinton as early as December. At the time, that was really strange, since Edwards held a substantial Iowa lead and was only a few points back in New Hampshire, thus actually making Edwards the frontrunner in December. And yet it was framed as Clinton vs. Obama.

Flying under the media radar is not going to help Edwards and Richardson. They are lagging in polls, donations and general buzz that comes with more media coverage. It might somehow come back to help them if they can maintain their standing in Iowa and New Hampshire, or improve upon it, but that will be more difficult if they are flying under the radar.

[ Parent ]
I think both linear explanations are a little unlikely. (0.00 / 0)
One seems to basically be that the media primarily shapes public opinion rather than reports on it, with its opposite being that the media primarily reports public opinion rather than shapes it.

I think there's a symbiotic relationship there, where one feeds the other and vice versa. People sell papers by writing about what paper-buyers are interested in, thus creating more interest and so on. Obviously, if we had the data we could see what percentage of change in enthusiasm is explained by media coverage, and what percentage of change in media coverage is explained by change in voter enthusiasm.

I think a partial explanation for that may be that both the media and voters find certain candidates more or less compelling based on something inherent. For example, I wonder if all the positive media coverage in the world could make Mike Gravel's message resonate with voters. Maybe there's just something about him that voters and the media both find uninspiring. I don't that is necessarily in conflict with your point that the media is clearly chomping at the bit for a Clinton-Obama catfight.

Also, I can imagine hypothesizing that enthusiasm is at least partly driven by an assessment of how likely your candidate is to win, and that that assessment might be driven in part by media coverage.

Under my theory, if Richardson continues to trend up in the polls and in fundraising, we'll start seeing more media coverage, and then he will have more enthusiastic supporters, and so on. I think we both agree on that. But I would see that as ultimately driven by Richardson himself and by his campaign's success in appealing to voters rather than being ultimately driven by the media.

Maybe our difference is really about semantics?


[ Parent ]
I note that you only posted the results (4.00 / 1)
of the Pew thing for the Democratic candidates, but I find it interesting [and encouraging] that, after the top two Dems, no candidates or even noncandidates from any party seem to have any significant name recognition.

June 1-4, April 27-30, March 16-19,
2007 2007 2007
42 Hillary Clinton 32 41 37
22 Barack Obama 20 23 24
3 George W. Bush 1 1 2
2 John Edwards 2 3 1
2 John McCain 2 4 3
2 Rudy Giuliani 4 3 3
2 Fred Thompson 4 * 0
2 Mitt Romney 3 1 1
1 Bill Richardson -- -- --
1 Other 2 1 4
21 Donâ??t know/Refused 30 23 25
100 100 100 100

If there were a strong tendency in the newspeople to create two-way races, I think there would be more framing of the Repugnants' race in this way, but I don't see it, just an indistinguishable throng of white male faces wearing the same suit.


Good post (4.00 / 1)
It's amazing how well Edwards is doing, considering. It also speaks to the impact that an Iowa victory would have. The national reaction would not be--as some in sphere claim--oh yeah,well,  he was supposed to win, right? It would be, What??!!! Who???? Oh, yeah, him? Hair, right? VP? Lawyer. Okay. Hmm. Really Progressive? More progressive than Obama or Clinton, that's clear. I really liked the speech he gave the night he won Iowa. Really? He does better than Clinton against GOP contenders? Saw Elizabeth on Oprah, loved her. Universal health care! Tax cuts for the middle class, for me. Oh, now I rememer: poverty. That's cool. He certainly sounds like a Democrat. Labor likes him, that's promising, the Service Workers. Sounds good.

He's got my vote.







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